Diaper rash is one of the most common skin problems in infants and toddlers. It can be painful and irritating to little ones and even worse for their parents. There are a few unique characteristics of children’s skin and bottoms that make them so susceptible to rash and irritation.
Why do children get diaper rash?
Their skin is different; it is more sensitive and holds more water than adult skin. The diaper environment traps moisture and stool against the skin. Exposure to urine and stool increases the pH of the skin and makes certain enzymes found in stool more active. Activating these enzymes causes skin break down.
The diaper environment can create friction and irritation. It’s the baby version of chafing! Children in diapers are more prone to infections of the diaper area caused by fungus and bacteria.
What can you do to prevent diaper rash?
Frequent diaper changes! This is the number one weapon you have to prevent diaper rash. Decreasing exposure to urine and stool decreases rash. Use absorbent diapers. In studies, children in absorbent disposable or cloth diapers have less diaper rash than those in less absorbent versions. Avoid harsh soaps or wipes. Most available baby wipes provide excellent cleansing and protection against rash. Avoid lots of scrubbing. Avoid wipes with a chemical abbreviated MI (this has been shown to cause irritation). Breastfeeding can also help lessen diaper rash. Breast fed infants have stool with lower pH and this is less irritating to the infant’s skin.
What do you do when diaper rash occurs?
Provide a barrier to protect the irritated skin from urine, stool and friction. There are various barrier creams out there. Look for ones containing zinc oxide, petrolatum or both. Studies show these creams can improve symptoms in as little as 12 hours. Apply the barrier cream with each diaper change. If the infant is just wet you don’t have to wipe all of the previous cream off. Simply air or pat dry the diaper area and apply another layer. You can also up the frequency of your diaper changes.
What are the signs you need to talk to your doctor?
Watch for signs that your child may have a fungal or bacterial rash. Fungal rashes are red, raised and rough, often spreading outward. Bacterial rashes are red, can be pimple like or cause ulcers (broken down skin). Call if you have been using a barrier cream frequently for five to seven days and aren’t seeing improvement. Also call if your child seems to be in extreme pain or is not eating well.
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Posted In Children's, Health Information
